Cannabis Anxiety: Brain Cells Identified

Scientists at Northwestern University have made a significant discovery in understanding why cannabis can cause anxiety in some individuals. A specific group of neurons in the brain, known as somatostatin neurons, have been identified as contributing to anxiety caused by cannabinoid drugs, particularly in stressful situations.

The study, published on October 2 in Nature Communications, found that these neurons are located in the central amygdala, an area of the brain involved in processing fear and stress. When mice were given a synthetic cannabinoid drug and exposed to a threatening smell derived from fox urine, they froze more frequently and spent less time exploring the predator scent.

The researchers, led by Dr. Sachin Patel, chair of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, used a unique approach to investigate how cannabinoids influence fear and anxiety. By genetically silencing the somatostatin neurons, they found that anxious behavior in mice given the synthetic cannabinoid drug was reduced.

## What happens in the brain The study suggests that cannabinoids may intensify anxiety by removing a natural brake on the brain's fear center, particularly during stressful situations. The somatostatin neurons appear to play a crucial role in producing the anxious response, and their increased activity is associated with anxious behavior in mice.

## Why it matters The discovery of these specific neurons could explain why some people experience anxiety after using cannabis, particularly in stressful situations. The findings of this study could have significant implications for the development of new treatments for anxiety disorders, and may also inform the use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes.

The research provides new insights into the complex effects of cannabis on the brain, and highlights the need for further study into the mechanisms underlying cannabis-induced anxiety. As the use of cannabis becomes more widespread, understanding the potential risks and benefits is crucial for ensuring safe and effective use.